What is Hashimoto’s disease that actor Arjun Kapoor is suffering from?

Hyderabad: Bollywood actor Arjun Kapoor recently opened up about living with Hashimoto’s disease, an autoimmune disorder that affects the thyroid gland and often leads to hypothyroidism.

Kapoor’s candid revelations about his struggles with weight, self-image, and the impact of the condition have brought attention to a health issue that affects millions worldwide. His story sheds light on the challenges of managing Hashimoto’s disease, especially when it comes to mental and physical well-being.

Here’s a closer look at the condition, its symptoms, causes, and treatment options, with insights from medical experts.

Understanding Hashimoto’s Disease

Hashimoto’s disease, an autoimmune disorder, primarily affects the thyroid gland, which plays a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions. This condition can lead to hypothyroidism, a state of reduced thyroid hormone production, impacting physical and mental well-being.

What is Hashimoto’s Disease?

Hashimoto’s disease, also known as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland. Over time, this immune response damages the thyroid tissue and reduces hormone production.

Dr. Mamta Reddy, an endocrinologist based in Hyderabad, explains, “Hashimoto’s disease is the leading cause of hypothyroidism in areas where iodine intake is adequate. The immune system’s attack on thyroid cells results in inflammation and eventual hormone deficiency.”

Symptoms of Hashimoto’s Disease

Hashimoto’s disease develops gradually, and many individuals may not notice symptoms initially. However, as the condition progresses, signs of hypothyroidism may appear, including:

• Fatigue and sluggishness

• Sensitivity to cold

• Dry skin and brittle nails

• Muscle and joint pain

• Depression and memory issues

• Weight gain

• Irregular menstrual cycles

• Swelling in the neck due to an enlarged thyroid (goiter)

Dr. Pranati Mishra, a general physician, notes, “Patients often mistake these symptoms for aging or stress. A timely diagnosis is crucial to prevent complications.”

Risk Factors and Causes

Several factors can increase the risk of developing Hashimoto’s disease:

• Genetics: A family history of thyroid disorders significantly raises the likelihood of developing the condition.

• Sex: Women are ten times more likely to be affected than men, likely due to hormonal influences.

• Age: The condition is more common in individuals aged 30 to 50.

Dr. Reddy adds, “Hashimoto’s is an autoimmune condition, meaning the exact trigger remains unclear, but genetic predisposition plays a significant role.”

Impact on Mental and Physical Health

Hashimoto’s disease can affect mental health, leading to depression, brain fog, and low energy levels.

Bollywood actor Arjun Kapoor, who recently spoke about living with the condition, shared how it impacted his self-image and physical health. “Your antibodies fight against you. It’s almost like I can take a flight and gain weight because the body goes into stress,” Kapoor explained.

How is Hashimoto’s Disease Diagnosed?

Hashimoto’s disease is diagnosed through a combination of blood tests, including:

• Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels

• Free thyroxine (T4) levels

• Antibodies like anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO), which indicate an autoimmune attack

Dr. Mishra advises, “If you experience persistent fatigue, unexplained weight changes, or swelling in the neck, consult your doctor for a thorough evaluation.”

Treatment and Management

The primary treatment for Hashimoto’s disease is thyroid hormone replacement therapy, usually with levothyroxine, to restore normal hormone levels. Regular monitoring and blood tests are essential to adjust the dosage.

“Lifestyle changes can also help,” says Dr. Reddy. “A balanced diet, stress management, and adequate sleep play a vital role in managing symptoms.”

Living with Hashimoto’s Disease

While the condition cannot be cured, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can help individuals lead a normal life. Kapoor’s openness about his struggles highlights the importance of addressing the mental and emotional toll of living with a chronic condition.

Other notable figures, such as Gina Rodriguez and Kim Cattrall, have also raised awareness about Hashimoto’s disease, underscoring the need for education and support for those affected.

When to See a Doctor

If you experience symptoms like fatigue, dry skin, or a puffy face, seek medical advice.

“ Early diagnosis can prevent complications like severe hypothyroidism or goiter,” said Dr Reddy