48% patients diagnosed with depression exhibit signs of treatment-resistant depression: Study

Hyderabad: A recent study published in the British Journal of Psychiatry has found that nearly 48% of patients diagnosed with depression exhibit signs of treatment-resistant depression (TRD).

TRD is defined as depression that remains unresponsive after trying at least two different antidepressants. The study, led by researchers from the University of Birmingham and Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, highlights the widespread nature of treatment resistance among patients and the associated health risks.

Frustration with Limited Treatment Options

Many individuals struggling with TRD find themselves cycling through multiple medications without relief. The study found that 37% of patients with depression had tried four or more antidepressant treatments. Despite this, effective guidelines for managing TRD remain limited.

Dr. Khyathi Rao, a Hyderabad-based clinical psychologist, speaking to NewsMeter, explains, “Patients with TRD often feel a deep sense of frustration. They may try multiple medications and therapies, yet the symptoms persist. This can lead to a cycle of hopelessness, where they start believing that nothing will work.”

Beyond medication, some individuals explore therapy, lifestyle changes, and alternative treatments, but responses vary significantly. The lack of a universal approach makes it difficult to find an effective treatment plan.

Increased Risk of Co-Occurring Mental and Physical Conditions

The study also found that patients with TRD face higher risks of developing additional psychiatric and physical health issues. Data analysis revealed that individuals with TRD have:

• 35% higher odds of having a personality disorder

• 46% higher odds of developing cardiovascular disease

Dr. Mahita Kapoor, a psychiatrist, emphasizes the importance of addressing these interconnected issues. “When depression is prolonged and untreated, it often leads to other mental health concerns such as anxiety or self-harm. The burden isn’t just emotional—physical health declines as well. Stress, lack of motivation for self-care, and the impact of certain medications can contribute to issues like heart disease.”

A Need for Personalized Treatment Approaches

Many patients express frustration with the one-size-fits-all approach to depression treatment. Medications that work for some may not work for others, and finding the right combination takes time.

Dr. Niyati Shah, a counseling psychologist, highlights the importance of personalized care. “Mental health treatment should not be standardized. It is essential to tailor therapy and medication to an individual’s unique needs. Some may benefit from a combination of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and medication, while others might require lifestyle interventions, mindfulness practices, or alternative therapies like ketamine-assisted treatment.”

The Path Forward: Addressing Treatment Resistance

As awareness of TRD grows, mental health professionals are calling for more research and diverse treatment options. Emerging therapies, including transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and ketamine therapy, are being explored as potential alternatives. However, access to these treatments remains limited for many patients.

Dr. Kapoor notes, “The key to managing TRD is persistence. Patients should work closely with mental health professionals to explore different approaches. It’s crucial to track symptoms, report side effects, and not lose hope. Every case is different, and sometimes it takes time to find what works.”

With nearly half of depression patients experiencing treatment resistance, it is clear that mental health care must evolve to offer more personalized, accessible, and effective solutions. Increased research, patient advocacy, and comprehensive treatment strategies are essential to improving outcomes for those living with TRD.